Umusemburo wa ogisijeni mu ngandaibikoresho, nkuko izina ribivuga, ni ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu nganda zikora ogisijeni.
None ni ubuhe buryo bwo gukora ogisijeni mu nganda?
Mubisanzwe dukoresha uburyo bwo gukora ogisijeni mu kubora hydrogène peroxide cyangwa potasiyumu permanganate muri laboratoire, ifite ibimenyetso biranga reaction yihuse, gukora byoroshye no gukusanya byoroshye imashini ikora ogisijeni yinganda, ariko ikiguzi ni kinini kandi ntigishobora kubyazwa umusaruro munini ingano, bityo irashobora gukoreshwa gusa muri laboratoire.Umusaruro winganda ugomba gusuzuma niba amashanyarazi ya ogisijeni yibikoresho byoroshye kubona, niba igiciro gihenze, niba igiciro ari gito, niba gishobora kubyazwa umusaruro ningaruka ku bidukikije.
Ibikurikira bisobanura uburyo bwihariye bwainganda za ogisijeni mu nganda.
1. Uburyo bwo gutandukanya ikirere
Ibintu nyamukuru bigize umwuka ni ogisijeni na azote.Gukoresha ogisijeni na azote itetse biratandukanye, gutegura ogisijeni iva mu kirere byitwa uburyo bwo gutandukanya umwuka.Mbere ya byose, umwuka ubanziriza gukonjesha, kwezwa (gukuraho amazi make, dioxyde de carbone, acetylene, hydrocarbone nizindi myuka n ivumbi nindi myanda mwikirere), hanyuma ugahina, ugakonja, kuburyo icumi bya mbere ibirango bya ogisijeni itanga umwuka mubi.
Noneho, ukoresheje itandukaniro riri hagati yibintu bitetse bya ogisijeni na azote, umwuka wamazi uhumeka kandi ukegeranya inshuro nyinshi muminara ya distillation kugirango utandukanye ogisijeni na azote.Niba wongeyeho ibikoresho bimwe byinyongera, urashobora kandi gukuramo argon, neon, helium, krypton, xenon nizindi myuka idasanzwe ya inert irimo bike cyane mukirere.Umwuka wa ogisijeni ukorwa nigikoresho cyo gutandukanya ikirere uhagarikwa na compressor, hanyuma amaherezo umwuka wa ogisijeni ugashyirwa muri silinderi yumuvuduko mwinshi kugirango ubike, cyangwa ujyanwa mu nganda no mu mahugurwa binyuze mu miyoboro.
2. Uburyo bwa molekulari ya elegitoronike yo gukora ogisijeni (uburyo bwa adsorption)
Ukoresheje ibiranga molekile ya azote iruta molekile ya ogisijeni, ogisijeni yo mu kirere iratandukana hifashishijwe icyuma cyabugenewe.Ubwa mbere, compressor ihatira umwuka wumye binyuze mumashanyarazi ya vacuum adsorber, molekile ya azote yo mu kirere ihindurwamo na molekile ya molekile, ogisijeni muri adsorber, iyo ogisijeni iri muri adsorber igeze ku rugero runaka (igitutu kigera kuri runaka urwego), urashobora gufungura ogisijeni kugirango urekure ogisijeni.
Nyuma yigihe runaka, azote yamamajwe na sikeli ya molekile igenda yiyongera buhoro buhoro, ubushobozi bwa adsorption bugabanuka, kandi isuku ya ogisijeni isohoka iragabanuka, bityo azote ikwirakwizwa na sikeli ya molekile ikenera kuvomwa na pompe vacuum, hanyuma ikabisubiramo. inzira yavuzwe haruguru.Ubu buryo bwo gukora ogisijeni nabwo bwitwa adsorption method.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-30-2021